Resources

NO-DO Revista Cinematográfica Imágenes (1945, No. 51)

Vocational training appeared for the first time in NO-DO in No. 51 (01/01/1945) of "Revista Cinematográfica Imágenes"
The images (no sound) showed the installations of the "Instituto Católico de Artes e Industrias de Madrid" and the day-to-day life of the students as they received theoretical and practical instruction (technical drawing, laboratory, electricity, forging, etc.) - Minute 05:48 to 10:24 (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1948, Not N 302 B)

VET School, Aircraft maintenance and pieces making, also shoots of an exhibition. Cuatro Vientos, Madrid, 18/10/1948 - Minute 05:48 to 10:24 (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1948, Not N 305 A)

English miners visiting the woodworking workshop at the "Virgen de la Paloma" VET School (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1949, Not N 313 A)

Promotional video of the "Virgen de la Paloma" VET School. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1954, Not N623 B)

8th Spanish National Competition in the "Virgen de la Paloma " VET School, in Madrid under the title " The best apprentices". (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1955, Not N 643 A)

1955 International Skills Competition in the "Virgen de la Paloma " VET School, Madrid. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1955, Not N 645 A)

Opening of a VET School in Málaga (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1956, Not N 689 A)

Spanish National Skills Competition in Tetuán (Morocco) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1957, Not N 760 B)

Opening of the Oenology School and the “fast learning” VET School at the Casa de Campo, Madrid (Spain). (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1958, Not N 830 B)

Introduction to the “fast learning” VET School at Casa de Campo, Madrid (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Call to the youth, 1958

NO-DO "Revista de imágenes" No. 708
Sponsored by the Directorate General of Labour Education, was one of the first reports to advertise more directly the advantages of vocational training. In this video we see a young man holding up a poster which reads: 
"Industry needs journeymen and industrial masters. To train them, the Industrial Vocational Training Schools open their doors, offering young people new professions, new specialisations, new curricula. Enrol your children! A prosperous, secure and dignified tomorrow awaits you."
With this message, the State intended to go a step further and not just to but to influence parents to show them that their children could have a prosperous and secure future thanks to industrial vocational training and that this profession was just as important as a university degree. Moreover, in the news item we can see the three phases established by the 1955 Law, and the voice-over explained and described all the aspects that characterised each one of them. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1960, Not N924 B)

Opening of Fast Learning VET School in A Coruña (Spain) Filmoteca Española. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Duke Meets The Empire Men, 1961

"L/S of the Duke of Edinburgh (Prince Philip) accompanied by Sir Bernard Waley-Cohen. The Lord Mayor as they walk down aisle in the guildhall. L/S of Commonwealth students gathered to hear the Dukes inauguration the technical training week. M/S of the Lord Mayor making speech of welcome. M/S of students applauding. M/S of the duke starting his speech. L/S of dignitaries applauding. M/S of the waiting to be introduced to Commonwealth students a student walks into picture and the Duke shakes hands with him. M/s of groups including Sir David Eccles applauding. M/S of Duke shaking hands with coloured student. M/S other students looking on. M/S Duke talking to an Indian girl. L/S students applauding." (Source: British Pathé)

NO-DO Newsreel (1961, Not N 956 B)

Opening of the Fast Learning VET School in Jaén (Spain) Filmoteca Española. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1961, Not N 957 A)

Official visit  to the "Virgen de las Nieves" VET School, Granada Filmoteca Española. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1961, Not N 976 B)

Closing of the course at the Fast Learning VET School in A Coruña.  Filmoteca Española (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1961, Not N 968 B) 

The first news item on women's vocational training that NO-DO brought to the big screen was in "Noticiario no. 986B (27/11/1961). 
We can see the inauguration of the new crèche at the Generalísimo Franco institution in Cádiz where we can also see the inauguration of the new crèche at the "Generalísimo Franco" institution in Cádiz where there was also a vocational training school for women run by 31 Sisters of St. Vincent de Paul" and where 228 girls students. In one of the rooms there were sewing workshops for embroidery, knitting and dressmaking, and the looms, specialities to train future housewives. to train future housewives and those women who had to work, but always in trades oriented to their "natural" functions. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Award Ceremony for the 11th Portuguese National VET Competition, 1961

1min  54 sec black and white video of the speeches of Pedro Franco, Head of Social Services, and Dias Ferreira, Delegate of the Portuguese Delegation for the International Competition, during the Award Ceremony for the 11th Portuguese National VET Competition, at the Lisbon Independence Palace. The ceremony was hosted by Carlos Soveral, Deputy Secretary of Education. No audio  (Source: RTP Archive)

13 countries take part in the 12th International Trade Competition for Apprentices, 1963

A black and white film British Pathe. (Source: British Pathé)

President de Valera presents prizes to winning apprentices in International Competition, 1963

A black and white film British Pathe. (Source: British Pathé)

Presentation of medals, Dublin 1963

News footage as Eamon de Valera, president of the Irish Republic, presents medals to the winners of the 1963 IVTO Competition in Dublin. (Source: Reuters)

NO-DO Newsreel (1964, Not N 1122 B) 

Closing of the course at the Fast Learning VET School in Madrid.  (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Opening ceremony for Lisbon 1964 

A one minute newsreel for Lisbon 1964. The clip is silent and in black and white and shows delegates listening to speeches and applauding at the opening ceremony. (Source: RTP Archive)

13th Concurso Internacional de Formação Profissional, 1964

A 2.28 min newsreel clip of the 1964 Competition in Lisbon, Portugal. It is silent and in black and white and shows competitors receiving their test projects and at work. Scenes include Competitors gathering outside the Marquês de Pombal Industrial Training School, a brief shot of the national flags, lathe operating, stone masonry and bricklaying. (Source: RTP Archive)

Opening of the 13th International VET Competition, 1964

1 min 14 sec black and white video of the opening speeches of Leopoldino de Almeida, President of the Competition National Commission, and Brigadeiro Fernando Alberto de Oliveira. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

Oficial Reception – 13th International VET Competition, 1964

1 min 43 sec black and white video of the reception by the mayor of Lisbon to the international delegations. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

Award Ceremony for the 16th Portuguese National VET Competition, 1964

2 min 41 sec black and white video of the medals delivery and speeches from:  Mr Gomes Bessa, National Comisioner of the  “Mocidade Portuguesa", Inocêncio Galvão Teles (Minister of Education) and Pedro Franco (Head of Social Services). (Source: RTP Archive)

Visit of the Portuguese Minister of Education to the 13th International VET Competition, 1964

Galvão Teles, Portuguese Minister of Education, visiting  the XIII International VET Competition which took held at the Marques de Pombal VET School, Lisbon. (Source: RTP Archive)

Speeches during the International VET Congress in Lisbon, 1964

Speeches during the International VET Congress wich took held in Lisbon in 1964 – 2 min 9 sec black and white video. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

NO-DO Newsreel (1964, Not N 1104B)

Opening of the Feminine VET School where Encarnación Molina was studying and later developed her career as teacher. Minute 1:21 to 2:54. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1965, Not N 1177 B) 

Launch of a new “fast learning” VET School in Madrid. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

15th Portuguese National VET Competition, 1965

2 min 32 sec black and white video of the competition development: welding, winding and electrical installations. (Source: RTP Archive)

Authorities viewing documentary movie about the 13th International VET Competition, 1965

Américo Tomás (President of the Portuguese Republic) and other authorities watch the documentary about the 13th International VET Competition. (Source: RTP Archive)

XIV Young Craftsmen, 1965

A 21-minute colour film giving a chronological overview of the 1965 competition held in Glasgow, Scotland. 
The film narrator was Magnus Magnusson, a prominent British broadcaster. (Source: National Library of Scotland | Moving Image) 

NO-DO Newsreel (1966, Not N 1204 A)

Introduction to the new VET Industrial School in Sagunto (Valencia, Spain)  (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Reception of the Portuguese Minister of Education to the Portuguese team, 1967

Galvão Teles (Portuguese Minister of Education) receives the students that participated at the 16th International VET Competition which took held in Madrid. 1min 15 sec black and white video. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

NO-DO Newsreel (1968, Not N 1380 A) 

Authorities visit to the “fast learning” VET School in Córdoba (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

18th National VET Competition, Portugal, 1968

Competitors working at the workshops (turning, fitting, joinery). 2 min 34 sec black and white video. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

18th National VET Competition, Portugal, 1968

Américo Tomás (President of the Portuguese Republic) and other authorities visiting the last phase of the 18th  National VET Competition at the VET School Marquês de Pombal. 2 min 41 sec black and white video. No audio. (Source: RTP Archive)

NO-DO Newsreel (1969, Not N 1389 A) 

Official visit of the Prince of Spain to the “fast learning” VET School in A Coruña (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1969, Not N 1392 A)

UNESCO representatives visit to the Army VET Center in A Coruña (Spain)  (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1969, Not N 1395 A) 

Official visit to the nautical - fishing VET School in Pasajes (Guipúzcoa) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1970, Not N 1457 A) 

Introduction the Fast Learning VET School of Barajas in Madrid (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Japan: Fifteen countries compete in craft Olympics, 1970

1970 Apprentices and trainees from fifteen countries are taking part in the 19th International Vocational Training Competition - called the Craft Olympics - Chiba, near Tokyo, Japan Bristish. (Source: British Pathé)

NO-DO Newsreel (1971, Not N 1474 B) 

Prince and Princess of Spain visit to the "San Severiano" VET School in Cádiz (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1971, Not N 1506 A) 

Courses for women in the “fast learning” VET School in Córdoba. 
The footage shows both women teachers and students using tools and machinery. According to the audio, this was a 23-week course. At the end of the course, attendees received a certificate as third-class officials. The women are learning electricity, electromechanical, electronics and painting. A pioneering centre, the school aimed to encourage more women to join the workforce. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

International Apprentice Competition, 1971

House of Commons debate.
The Government confirms that it will not fund the UK taking part in the International Apprentice Competition. (Source: Britain UK Parliament)

NO-DO Newsreel (1972, Not N 1519 B) 

Hairdressing VET School in Madrid (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Apprentices International Competition, 1973

House of Commons 
Debate about the value of the International Apprentice Competition.  It provides full details of the involvement of the UK, organizations supporting the Competition and in particular the funding challenges. Reference is also made to Fred Hill who is credited with involving the UK in the Competition. (Source: UK Parliament (Hansard) House of Commons, Volume 863 cc 463-74 UK Parliament)

NO-DO Newsreel (1973, Not N 1577 A)

Introduction to "La Mercé" VET School in Barcelona (Spain) (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1975, Not N 1709 A) 

Colour documentary of the 1975 International Skills Competition in "Virgen de la Paloma" VET School, Madrid (Spain). 11min 57 second. 
It includes Opening Ceremony, informal shots of competitors mingling, Skills Competitions and excursions, including a mock bullfight with Competitors and young bulls. 
The 1975 Competition was organized by Spain at short notice after Portugal was unable to hold the 1974 contest as a result of political change.  (Source: Filmoteca Española)

NO-DO Newsreel (1978, Not N 1862 A) 

Informative and promotional of the update of the VET system according to the new needs in Spain, remarking the underestimation of the VET in society and the need of a good guidance system. (Source: Filmoteca Española)

Our unsung olympic hero; Why has Robert Pope's electrifying victory gone unnoticed?

Review by William Kolberg and Foster Smith. (Source: Published in The Washington Post, 23/02/1992)

A history of Vocational Education and Training in Europe: from divergence to convergence, 2004

Monographic of the "European journal of vocational training" Magazine, 32/2004. Available in EN, ES, DE, PT and FR (Source: CEDEFOP)

UK Parliament (Hansard) plans for the WorldSkills London 2011 bid, 2005

This is a record of a question asked in the House of Commons about the plans being made for the UK to bid to host WorldSkills London in 2011. (Source: UK Parliament)

White uniforms, white knuckles, 31/05/2005

Guardian news article about WorldSkills Helsinki 2005
The focus is coverage of the the Helsinki Competition in 2005. The article includes reference to Margaret Thatcher deciding to invest in establishing UK Skills by granting £200,000 and appointing Sir John Cassels as the first chairman. (Source: The Guardian Archive)

London to host skills 'Olympics', 10/05/2006

BBC news article announcing the UK will host the WorldSkills Competition in 2011 London to host skills 'Olympics' . (Source: BBC Archive)

World Class Skills 2020, 2007

A debate in the House of Commons reference to the value of skills competitions and the opportunity of the UK hosting the WorldSkills Competition in 2011 (Source: UK Parliament (Hansard)  House of Commons, Volume 456 UK Parliament)

Ministers launch skills PR drive, 05/02/2009

BBC news article the launch of a government campaign to encourage young people to compete in WorldSkills Competitions. (Source: BBC Archive)

Medal wins at skills 'Olympics', 09/09/2009

BBC news article on Scottish Competitor at WorldSkills Calgary 2009, Martin Eusebi, an apprentice with MB Aerospace, who won a Medal of Excellence for Computer-Aided Design. (Source: BBC Archive)

Vocational Education seen through NO-DO (1943- 1981): Propaganda and ideology in the recent past

Vocational Education seen through NO-DO (1943- 1981): Propaganda and Ideology in the Recent Past, by María Dolores Molina Poveda and Carmen Sanchidrián Blanco, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
Abstract: One of the great pillars of Francoism was NO-DO (1943–1981). This was one of the national channels of information and covered all kind of topics: politics, agriculture, art and crafts, bullfighting, fashion, popular festivals, and education, among others. In this article we focus on education and, more specifically, on vocational education, in order to discern what was shown of this educational level. The videos analysed belong to the categories of news, black and white documentaries, colour documentaries and magazine images from 1943 to 1981. Each video has been described on an observation form designed to facilitate the processing of information, and the data collected has been put into context through primary and secondary written sources (legislation and the academic literature). In short, although NO-DO is an example of political propaganda manipulated for the benefit of the dictatorship, it is also, thanks to its photography and films, a source of inestimable value for historians of education.
Molina Poveda, M. D., & Sanchidrián Blanco, C. (2020). La formación profesional vista a través de NO-DO (1943-1981): Propaganda e ideología en un pasado reciente. Espacio, Tiempo y Educación, 7(2), pp. 135-156. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.251
Source: Espacio, Tiempo y Educación Magazine